Bike Drivetrain: Exploring All Available Groupsets

What is a bike drivetrain?

A bike drivetrain refers to a transmission groupset that manage how power from the rider’s pedaling is transmitted to the wheels. A bike drivetrain typically includes a crankset, a chain, derailleurs, a cassette and shifters. These components work together to provide the desired gear ratios, allowing cyclists to efficiently pedal across various terrains, more specifically, to keep a stable cadence on a desired heartbeat rate.

In an outdated definition, the bottom bracket, hubs, and brake systems also counted as part of the bike drivetrain. We abandoned that definition long ago. Today, when we discuss bike drivetrains or bike transmission groupsets, we refer to a collection of five components: crankset, chain, derailleurs, cassette, and shifters.

Mainstream bike drivetrain models come from a few major brands

Many companies and brands produce bike drivetrains worldwide. However, the dominant brands are primarily Shimano, SRAM, and Campagnolo. They exploit early established patent barriers to capture a large market share. Shimano typically holds the largest market share, around 50% to 60%. SRAM’s market share is about 20% to 30%, while Campagnolo holds around 10% to 15%.

Since 2020, many new bike drivetrain brands have emerged as patents from giants like Shimano expire. Brands such as L-Twoo, SENSAH, and microSHIFT from China. However, their products only occupy a very small market share.

Shimano Transmission Groupsets – Bike Drivetrain types

ULTEGRA & Dura-Ace – Top-class Shimano groupsets

ULTEGRA and Dura-Ace represent Shimano’s most expensive bike drivetrains. They achieve nearly the highest levels in shifting precision, smoothness, weight, material, and durability. However, they have some differences.

Dura-Ace stands as Shimano’s top-tier transmission groupset. It targets professional racing and is the first choice for pro cyclists in top events. Dura-Ace showcases Shimano‘s most advanced technology and highest manufacturing standards. It aims for extreme lightweight, using expensive and unique materials like titanium and carbon fiber. These materials not only reduce weight but also enhance strength and performance. Models in the Dura-Ace series reach the peak of shifting precision and smoothness. This drives Dura-Ace series models to be twice the price of ULTEGRA series models.

TIAGRA & 105 – High-end Shimano groupsets

TIAGRA 4700 serves as a simplified version of the 105 series. If you don’t have a big budget but still want a professional-level bike drivetrain, TIAGRA 4700 is a good choice. In contrast, the 105 series offers the best combination of performance, durability, and value. If you are not a full-time professional cyclist, the 105 series is sufficient for your daily training.

TOURNEY, CLARIS & SORA – Low-end Shimano groupsets

The TOURNEY series of Shimano groupsets does not belong to Shimano’s mainstream products. They usually appear on commuting bikes, not road bikes, and are very affordable. The latest CLARIS R2000 may be the cheapest Shimano road bike groupset. And Shimano SORA R3000 appears more often on mid-range, economical road bikes.

SRAM Transmission Groupsets – Bike Drivetrain types

SRAM’s bike drivetrains mainly divide into four levels: Red, Force, Rival, and Apex, from high to low.

Red series

The Red series designs for professional racers and enthusiasts seeking top-tier performance. It extensively uses high-end lightweight materials like carbon fiber, achieving extreme weight savings. The shifting precision and smoothness are exceptional, with rapid responsiveness. However, it comes with a high price tag, making it the most expensive drivetrain in SRAM’s lineup, typically found on high-end race bikes.

Force series

The Force series targets more serious cyclists and the mid-to-high-end market. It incorporates materials like carbon fiber and aluminum for better weight savings. This drivetrain meets the demands of professional cyclists. The electronic shifting system shows enhanced stability and reliability. Although priced higher, it remains more accessible than the SRAM Red series.

Rival series

The Rival series suits those entering the professional cycling realm or cyclists with some performance demands. Rival series drivetrains mainly use aluminum and similar materials. While heavier, they still offer good stiffness and durability. However, shifting precision and responsiveness may fall short compared to the Force and Red series. Its moderate price appeals to budget-conscious riders who want a taste of professional-level systems.

Apex series

The Apex series primarily targets casual cyclists and beginners. It uses common materials like aluminum, resulting in relatively heavier weights. This series emphasizes practicality and durability rather than extreme performance. It may lag in shifting precision, smoothness, and responsiveness. Its main advantage is affordability, making it the most economical option in SRAM’s bike drivetrain lineup.

Campagnolo Transmission Groupsets – Bike Drivetrain types

Super Record

Super Record stands as Campagnolo‘s flagship series. It combines ultra-light materials, advanced technology, and exceptional performance. Designed for professional cyclists, it offers unparalleled shifting precision and durability, ideal for top-level competitions.

Record

The Record series is known for high performance and reliability. It incorporates lightweight materials and precision engineering, making it suitable for harsh riding conditions. This series combines excellent shifting performance with elegant design, appealing to both amateur and professional cyclists.

Chorus

The Chorus series strikes a good balance between performance and value. It provides excellent shifting precision and stability, using durable materials. This series suits riders seeking high quality but on a budget.

Centaur

The Centaur series features ease of use and good durability. It serves as Campagnolo’s entry-level option, suitable for recreational riders and beginners. This series offers reliable performance and classic Italian design.

By the way, SUMLON has been manufacturing bicycle parts for over 15 years. Contact us if you are looking for a bike parts factory or a one-stop wholesaler. Peace